Aid

The present study aimed to aid government sector managers in Iran in their understanding of sustainable development mechanisms. Research was undertaken with 338 managers selected randomly from seven government ministries. The findings revealed that the rules and devices of public participation, voluntary environmental certification systems, scientific cooperation, and education were all priorities for moving towards sustainable development.

Impact and sustainability of programmes are critical issues facing the development community. Heifer International has honed its approach over more than 60 years. Heifer's approach includes: use of holistic, values-based, and affirmative community development process; Heifer's Cornerstones – values and principles to guide work, including ‘passing on the gift’; and measurement of impact at three levels – values, attitudes and knowledge; living conditions; and policy and systems change.

Food security is a key aspect of human development. The present article explores the shortcomings of agricultural interventions in two districts in eastern Uganda. Our study shows that these interventions have achieved only minor successes in relieving rural poverty and strengthening food security. Programmes that support prominent farmers with the aim of commercial development are unlikely to touch the poor. Food insecurity is related to the gendered division of agricultural work, control of cash income and the cycle of planting, harvest and crop sales for poor farmers.

Despite the growing interest in performance measurement and evaluation of international NGOs (INGOs), little is known about actual INGO evaluation practices. The present article, based on a survey of 38 US INGOs, examines the process of evaluation practice, as well as the purposes and dissemination of the results. The findings on evaluation purpose, dissemination of results, and formal feedback mechanisms suggest that INGOs typically develop stronger formal accountability measures for donors and staff-members than for beneficiaries.

As agências de desenvolvimento enfrentam o desafio de medir e relatar os resultados de suas contribuições para promover o desenvolvimento equitativo e sustentável. Como parte disso, as agências fazem previsões ambiciosas de objetivos de desenvolvimento e então comprometem-se a medir o que elas não conseguem alcançar no final de seus programas ou projetos.

Aid effectiveness has been an important subject in discourses around Afghanistan's reconstruction and development. NGOs are important players in this discourse and there are contradictory views about their function, accountability and effectiveness. The present article gives an overview of the context in which NGOs have operated in Afghanistan since 1979, when the Soviets invaded the country.

Humanitarians find themselves working and living day-by-day in a physically and psychologically demanding and politically complex environment. As there are very limited training mechanisms, each humanitarian is often making their own way through the field, learning from their own mistakes and successes. This practical note highlights some of the innovative (and sometimes unusual) practices that humanitarians have devised to overcome the old and modern challenges of working in the humanitarian field.

The aid effectiveness agenda has placed much emphasis on issues of recipient ownership, alignment, and donor harmonisation. It has affected the policies and practices of many donor agencies and promoted a drive to consult widely with partners in governments and civil society and encourage their active involvement in aid-funded development activities.

NGOs have played a key role in development since the end of World War II, and more so since the 1970s. Like elsewhere in the world, the state and the market catered to the different needs of people in Pakistan. With the arrival of foreign funding, NGOs emerged as a channel for dispersing resources to far-flung communities. However, NGO fieldworkers are not valued. They suffer from personal and professional problems including job insecurity, poor salary structure, unhealthy working environments, and harassment.

Empowerment has become a mainstream concept in international development but lacks clear definition, which can undermine development initiatives aimed at strengthening empowerment as a route to poverty reduction. In the present article, written narratives from 49 international development organisations identify how empowerment is defined and operationalised in community initiatives.